During a security assessment, a penetration tester needs to exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism to gain unauthorized access to the network. Which of the following attacks would the tester most likely perform to gain access?
Correct Answer:
A
To exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access, the penetration tester would most likely perform a KARMA attack.
✑ KARMA Attack:
✑ Purpose:
✑ Other Options:
Pentest References:
✑ Wireless Security Assessments: Understanding common attack techniques such as KARMA is crucial for identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities in wireless networks.
✑ Rogue Access Points: Setting up rogue APs to capture credentials or perform man-in-the-middle attacks is a common tactic in wireless penetration testing.
By performing a KARMA attack, the penetration tester can exploit the wireless network's authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access to the network.
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A penetration tester is attempting to discover vulnerabilities in a company's web application. Which of the following tools would most likely assist with testing the security of the web application?
Correct Answer:
D
When testing the security of a web application, specific tools are designed to uncover vulnerabilities and issues. Here??s an overview of the tools mentioned and why Nikto is the most suitable for this task:
✑ Nikto:
✑ Comparison with Other Tools:
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During a penetration test, the tester uses a vulnerability scanner to collect information about any possible vulnerabilities that could be used to compromise the network. The tester receives the results and then executes the following command:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.23
Which of the following is the tester trying to do based on the command they used?
Correct Answer:
D
The command snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.23 is used to query SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) data from a device. Here??s the purpose in the context provided:
✑ SNMP Enumeration:
✑ Purpose of the Command:
✑ Comparison with Other Options:
By using snmpwalk, the tester is validating the results from the vulnerability scanner and removing any false positives, ensuring accurate reporting.
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A penetration tester gains initial access to a target system by exploiting a recent RCE vulnerability. The patch for the vulnerability will be deployed at the end of the week. Which of the following utilities would allow the tester to reenter the system remotely after the patch has been deployed? (Select two).
Correct Answer:
AE
To reenter the system remotely after the patch for the recently exploited RCE vulnerability has been deployed, the penetration tester can use schtasks.exe and sc.exe.
✑ schtasks.exe:
schtasks /create /tn "Backdoor" /tr "C:\path\to\backdoor.exe" /sc daily /ru SYSTEM
✑ sc.exe:
sc create backdoor binPath= "C:\path\to\backdoor.exe" start= auto
✑ Other Utilities:
Pentest References:
✑ Post-Exploitation: Establishing persistence is crucial to maintaining access after initial exploitation.
✑ Windows Tools: Understanding how to leverage built-in Windows tools like
schtasks.exe and sc.exe to create backdoors that persist through reboots and patches.
By using schtasks.exe and sc.exe, the penetration tester can set up persistent mechanisms that will allow reentry into the system even after the patch is applied.
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A penetration tester is evaluating a SCADA system. The tester receives local access to a workstation that is running a single application. While navigating through the application, the tester opens a terminal window and gains access to the underlying operating system. Which of the following attacks is the tester performing?
Correct Answer:
A
A kiosk escape involves breaking out of a restricted environment, such as a kiosk or a single application interface, to access the underlying operating system. Here??s why option A is correct:
✑ Kiosk Escape: This attack targets environments where user access is intentionally
limited, such as a kiosk or a dedicated application. The goal is to break out of these restrictions and gain access to the full operating system.
✑ Arbitrary Code Execution: This involves running unauthorized code on the system,
but the scenario described is more about escaping a restricted environment.
✑ Process Hollowing: This technique involves injecting code into a legitimate process, making it appear benign while executing malicious activities.
✑ Library Injection: This involves injecting malicious code into a running process by
loading a malicious library, which is not the focus in this scenario.
References from Pentest:
✑ Forge HTB: Demonstrates techniques to escape restricted environments and gain broader access to the system.
✑ Horizontall HTB: Shows methods to break out of limited access environments, aligning with the concept of kiosk escape.
Conclusion:
Option A, Kiosk escape, accurately describes the type of attack where a tester breaks out of a restricted environment to access the underlying operating system.
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