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An establishing operation is any change in the environment whicH.

1. A. momentarily alters the effectiveness of the consequence for a behavior that was previously followed by reinforcemen
2. B. alters the timing of a behavior and momentarily alters the frequency of the behavior that was previously followed by reinforcemen
3. C. alters the effectiveness of some object or event as reinforcement thus momentarily changing the likelihood of behavior that was previously followed by that reinforce
4. D. alters the effectiveness of some object or event as a contingency-shaped rule and at the same time changes the momentary frequency of the behavior that was previously followed by reinforcemen

Correct Answer: C

Andrea has limited speech abilities. She has been attending speech therapy and is required to perform speech exercises at home. Other than her training sessions, Andrea chooses to remain essentially non-verbal. One evening, Andrea's sister called to invite Andrea on an outing. Andrea listened to her sister's invitation over the phone and nodded in excitement. Andrea's mother pointed out that her sister could not see her through the phone and that Andrea would need to speak so that her sister would know if she wanted to go. Andrea then said, "Yes, I want." This is a form oF.

1. A. contextual manipulatio
2. B. direct instructio
3. C. incidental teachin
4. D. whole task trainin

Correct Answer: C

Which of the following is an example of a listener response?

1. A. At dinner time, the client says "fork, please."
2. B. The client labels "fork" when not instructed to do s
3. C. The client repeats the word "fork" throughout the da
4. D. Staff says, "pick up your fork," and the client picks up his or her for

Correct Answer: D

Interventions designed to weaken a behavior should includE.

1. A. intermittent punishment of the behavior to be weakene
2. B. negative reinforcement of the behavior to be weakene
3. C. positive reinforcement of all behaviors other than the behavior to be weakene
4. D. reinforcement of behavior that is functionally equivalent to the behavior to be weakene

Correct Answer: D

Which of the following measures would be the MOST appropriate for reporting head banging
during each 5-minute interval of work?

1. A. duration of head banging
2. B. latency from a request to the first response
3. C. rate of head banging
4. D. inter-response time

Correct Answer: C